Focus on the extensification of livestock farming

Nitrogen reduction and the extensification of livestock farming are firmly in the public spotlight. The Minister of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LVVN) has introduced a number of voluntary schemes to buy out farms. In her opinion, ‘Extensification matches the peak‑load approach and is an important measure for the long‑term viability of dairy farms’. Nitrogen emission in many Dutch nature areas is so high that it can harm vulnerable habitats, biodiversity and the quality of groundwater and surface water. Moreover, high nitrogen loads in nitrogen‑sensitive Natura 2000 areas often mean that environmental permits cannot be granted for new economic activities.

The aim of this investigation is to provide parliament with an insight into changes in herd sizes and nitrogen emissions per livestock farm. We will present the data anonymously, geographically and in relation to the distance from nitrogen‑sensitive Natura 2000 sites. MPs should then be able to comment on the impact on livestock numbers and emissions of the various extensification schemes the Minister of LVVN has introduced since 2019.

Why are we carrying out this investigation?

The Minister of LVVN has introduced several schemes to encourage extensification in the Dutch livestock sector. They include:

• Pig Farming Rationalisation Grant Scheme (SRV)
• National Livestock Farm Closure Scheme (LBV) and LBV‑plus
• LBV for small sectors
• Collaboration on peat meadows and Natura 2000 transition areas (category 3)
• Provincial area‑based scheme for the closure of livestock farms (RPGBV), also known as the Measure for area‑based closure of livestock farms closure of livestock farms (MGB)

These schemes apply in different zones around nitrogen‑sensitive nature areas. Our anonymised analyses will state the distance of each livestock farm from the relevant Natura 2000 areas.

What are we investigating?

We will analyse changes in animals numbers and nitrogen emissions per farm (and, for cattle, per hectare of grassland). We will present the trends in 2016‑2025 and assess differences in the schemes’ use between farms that are close to nitrogen‑sensitive Natura 2000 sites and those that are further away. The investigation will focus solely on animal numbers and nitrogen emissions; we will not model nitrogen deposition as that depends on multiple factors and requires complex calculations. We will, however, draw on the expertise of the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment.

Focus investigation

The final report will presents the findings of a focus investigation carried out by the Netherlands Court of Audit. A focus investigation differs from an audit in that it is carried out in a considerably shorter period of time, looks at current events and answers specific, well-defined questions. A focus investigation culminates in a clear, concise report without opinions or recommendations. For more information, see Focus investigation.

Do you want to take part in this audit?

The Court of Audit invites you to share any information you may have that would benefit our audit. We appreciate all contributions, knowledge and experience you may care to share with us on this topic. Simply send an email to bijdrage@rekenkamer.nl.

We read all emails carefully and treat them in confidence. However, we are not able to reply to every contribution we receive.